Frequency of Type II Diabetes Mellitus in ST Segment Elevated MI patients presented to French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children: A Cross Section Study

Abstract

Background: A significant risk of atherosclerosis is diabetes mellitus which ultimately induces cardiovascular disease, mainly affecting coronary arteries. Patients with diabetes have a risk for coronary events similar to those without diabetes who have already had an event, and conversely, many patients with established coronary artery disease have diabetes or pre-diabetes. The study looks at the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients presenting with the acute coronary syndrome in the French Medical Institute. 

Methods: A cross-sectional study design was utilized to conduct this study. Three hundred twenty-one individuals with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were screened and presented to the Department of Cardiology of the French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children in Kabul, Afghanistan, from January 1, 2019, to December 30, 2019. All patients of any gender with ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) were included in the study and presented to our setting during the study period. Data were collected retrospectively from the patients' medical record files and then analyzed by logistic regression to look for results.

 Results: Three hundred twenty-one patients were included in the study, 250 (78%) were males, and 71 (22%) were females. The mean age of the study participants was 57.5 years. The frequency of diabetes mellitus was 26%. There is a strong association between Killip classes and diabetic status (p-value=<0.04). Hypertension and heart failure were not significantly associated with diabetes in STEMI patients. 

Conclusion: The frequency of diabetes mellitus in this study was significant as one out of every four patients with the acute coronary syndrome was diabetic.