Vol. 3 No. 8 (2020)
Explanatory Factor analysis to determining the risk factors of cardiovascular disease
A hospital-based case-control study ebtehag mustafa mohammedOnline First: Aug 4, 2020
- Abstract
- XML
- Abstract
- PMC XML
- Abstract
- DOAJ XML
- Abstract
Explanatory Factor analysis to determining the risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most preventable causes of death in the world since the majority of its risk factors are preventable or controllable.
The aim: this study was conducted to determine risk factors for cardiovascular disease among patients admitted to wad Medani heart Centre, wad Medani, Sudan.
Materials and methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted and carried out in Gezira state (wad Medani heart Centre), Data collection lasted for almost one year (From 2018 to 2019), via structured face-to-face interviews of 800 respondents in wad Medani heart hospital. cross tabs and chi-squared tests were utilized to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables, factor analysis is used to profile the most effective socioeconomic factors of cardiovascular disease, all the significant values were set up at p<0.05, several risk factors for cardiovascular disease were measured on 750 patients with and 50 patients without this disease. Next, factor analysis was performed to identify underlying variables, or factors, that explain the pattern of correlations within a set of observed risk factors. To obtain more accurate results, the factor analysis was performed for each of the survey axes separately. The limiting Eigenvalue is taken as 0.1
Results: the result of factor analysis revealed several variables as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the most important of them is locality, age, Renal disease, smoking, passive smoking, drinking alcoholic, operated heart injury and using oil cooking.
Conclusion: older individuals who practice habitual and behavioural such as smoking, drinking alcoholic, eating oil cooking and not dealing with chronic disease as well are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: risk factors, cardiovascular disease, chi-squared tests, factor analysis
Explanatory Factor analysis to determining the risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most preventable causes of death in the world since the majority of its risk factors are preventable or controllable.
The aim: this study was conducted to determine risk factors for cardiovascular disease among patients admitted to wad Medani heart Centre, wad Medani, Sudan.
Materials and methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted and carried out in Gezira state (wad Medani heart Centre), Data collection lasted for almost one year (From 2018 to 2019), via structured face-to-face interviews of 800 respondents in wad Medani heart hospital. cross tabs and chi-squared tests were utilized to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables, factor analysis is used to profile the most effective socioeconomic factors of cardiovascular disease, all the significant values were set up at p<0.05, several risk factors for cardiovascular disease were measured on 750 patients with and 50 patients without this disease. Next, factor analysis was performed to identify underlying variables, or factors, that explain the pattern of correlations within a set of observed risk factors. To obtain more accurate results, the factor analysis was performed for each of the survey axes separately. The limiting Eigenvalue is taken as 0.1
Results: the result of factor analysis revealed several variables as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the most important of them is locality, age, Renal disease, smoking, passive smoking, drinking alcoholic, operated heart injury and using oil cooking.
Conclusion: older individuals who practice habitual and behavioural such as smoking, drinking alcoholic, eating oil cooking and not dealing with chronic disease as well are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: risk factors, cardiovascular disease, chi-squared tests, factor analysis
Explanatory Factor analysis to determining the risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most preventable causes of death in the world since the majority of its risk factors are preventable or controllable.
The aim: this study was conducted to determine risk factors for cardiovascular disease among patients admitted to wad Medani heart Centre, wad Medani, Sudan.
Materials and methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted and carried out in Gezira state (wad Medani heart Centre), Data collection lasted for almost one year (From 2018 to 2019), via structured face-to-face interviews of 800 respondents in wad Medani heart hospital. cross tabs and chi-squared tests were utilized to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables, factor analysis is used to profile the most effective socioeconomic factors of cardiovascular disease, all the significant values were set up at p<0.05, several risk factors for cardiovascular disease were measured on 750 patients with and 50 patients without this disease. Next, factor analysis was performed to identify underlying variables, or factors, that explain the pattern of correlations within a set of observed risk factors. To obtain more accurate results, the factor analysis was performed for each of the survey axes separately. The limiting Eigenvalue is taken as 0.1
Results: the result of factor analysis revealed several variables as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the most important of them is locality, age, Renal disease, smoking, passive smoking, drinking alcoholic, operated heart injury and using oil cooking.
Conclusion: older individuals who practice habitual and behavioural such as smoking, drinking alcoholic, eating oil cooking and not dealing with chronic disease as well are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: risk factors, cardiovascular disease, chi-squared tests, factor analysis
Explanatory Factor analysis to determining the risk factors of cardiovascular disease
Introduction: Cardiovascular disease is one of the most preventable causes of death in the world since the majority of its risk factors are preventable or controllable.
The aim: this study was conducted to determine risk factors for cardiovascular disease among patients admitted to wad Medani heart Centre, wad Medani, Sudan.
Materials and methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted and carried out in Gezira state (wad Medani heart Centre), Data collection lasted for almost one year (From 2018 to 2019), via structured face-to-face interviews of 800 respondents in wad Medani heart hospital. cross tabs and chi-squared tests were utilized to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables, factor analysis is used to profile the most effective socioeconomic factors of cardiovascular disease, all the significant values were set up at p<0.05, several risk factors for cardiovascular disease were measured on 750 patients with and 50 patients without this disease. Next, factor analysis was performed to identify underlying variables, or factors, that explain the pattern of correlations within a set of observed risk factors. To obtain more accurate results, the factor analysis was performed for each of the survey axes separately. The limiting Eigenvalue is taken as 0.1
Results: the result of factor analysis revealed several variables as risk factors for cardiovascular disease, the most important of them is locality, age, Renal disease, smoking, passive smoking, drinking alcoholic, operated heart injury and using oil cooking.
Conclusion: older individuals who practice habitual and behavioural such as smoking, drinking alcoholic, eating oil cooking and not dealing with chronic disease as well are more likely to develop cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: risk factors, cardiovascular disease, chi-squared tests, factor analysis
Major Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations in the Agadir Region of Morocco
SAID EL MADIDIOnline First: Aug 20, 2020
- Abstract
- XML
- Abstract
- PMC XML
- Abstract
- DOAJ XML
- Abstract
Major Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations in the Agadir Region of Morocco
Introduction: Congenital malformations are a global health problem around the world. MCs is one of the main causes of death and disability of newborns worldwide, but the majority of its risk factors are still poorly understood.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the main causes that are related to the incidence of congenital malformations (CMs) in the region of Agadir in Morocco.
Material and Methods: A prospective cases-control study at regional level was conducted in the pediatrics and neonatology department of Hassan II hospital in Agadir from April 2016 to April 2018. Data on child and maternal variables were recorded for 3701 newborns. The types of congenital malformations have been classified according to the codes of the International Classification of Diseases. Univariate analyzes were performed to identify the variables associated with the etiology of the malformations. Multiple logistic regression was used to characterize the associations between the MC and the determining explanatory variables taken into account simultaneously.
Results: The results of these studies showed that there is a significant association between the incidence of the Congenital anomalies and the level of the consanguinity of the child, the prematurity of childbirth, the family history of CMs, the body mass index of the mother and the presence of major trauma during pregnancy.
Conclusion: our results have made it possible to highlight the existence of an association between a certain number of risk factors and the occurrence of congenital malformations. Additional studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of these risk factors.
Major Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations in the Agadir Region of Morocco
Introduction: Congenital malformations are a global health problem around the world. MCs is one of the main causes of death and disability of newborns worldwide, but the majority of its risk factors are still poorly understood.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the main causes that are related to the incidence of congenital malformations (CMs) in the region of Agadir in Morocco.
Material and Methods: A prospective cases-control study at regional level was conducted in the pediatrics and neonatology department of Hassan II hospital in Agadir from April 2016 to April 2018. Data on child and maternal variables were recorded for 3701 newborns. The types of congenital malformations have been classified according to the codes of the International Classification of Diseases. Univariate analyzes were performed to identify the variables associated with the etiology of the malformations. Multiple logistic regression was used to characterize the associations between the MC and the determining explanatory variables taken into account simultaneously.
Results: The results of these studies showed that there is a significant association between the incidence of the Congenital anomalies and the level of the consanguinity of the child, the prematurity of childbirth, the family history of CMs, the body mass index of the mother and the presence of major trauma during pregnancy.
Conclusion: our results have made it possible to highlight the existence of an association between a certain number of risk factors and the occurrence of congenital malformations. Additional studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of these risk factors.
Major Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations in the Agadir Region of Morocco
Introduction: Congenital malformations are a global health problem around the world. MCs is one of the main causes of death and disability of newborns worldwide, but the majority of its risk factors are still poorly understood.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the main causes that are related to the incidence of congenital malformations (CMs) in the region of Agadir in Morocco.
Material and Methods: A prospective cases-control study at regional level was conducted in the pediatrics and neonatology department of Hassan II hospital in Agadir from April 2016 to April 2018. Data on child and maternal variables were recorded for 3701 newborns. The types of congenital malformations have been classified according to the codes of the International Classification of Diseases. Univariate analyzes were performed to identify the variables associated with the etiology of the malformations. Multiple logistic regression was used to characterize the associations between the MC and the determining explanatory variables taken into account simultaneously.
Results: The results of these studies showed that there is a significant association between the incidence of the Congenital anomalies and the level of the consanguinity of the child, the prematurity of childbirth, the family history of CMs, the body mass index of the mother and the presence of major trauma during pregnancy.
Conclusion: our results have made it possible to highlight the existence of an association between a certain number of risk factors and the occurrence of congenital malformations. Additional studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of these risk factors.
Major Factors Associated with Congenital Malformations in the Agadir Region of Morocco
Introduction: Congenital malformations are a global health problem around the world. MCs is one of the main causes of death and disability of newborns worldwide, but the majority of its risk factors are still poorly understood.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the main causes that are related to the incidence of congenital malformations (CMs) in the region of Agadir in Morocco.
Material and Methods: A prospective cases-control study at regional level was conducted in the pediatrics and neonatology department of Hassan II hospital in Agadir from April 2016 to April 2018. Data on child and maternal variables were recorded for 3701 newborns. The types of congenital malformations have been classified according to the codes of the International Classification of Diseases. Univariate analyzes were performed to identify the variables associated with the etiology of the malformations. Multiple logistic regression was used to characterize the associations between the MC and the determining explanatory variables taken into account simultaneously.
Results: The results of these studies showed that there is a significant association between the incidence of the Congenital anomalies and the level of the consanguinity of the child, the prematurity of childbirth, the family history of CMs, the body mass index of the mother and the presence of major trauma during pregnancy.
Conclusion: our results have made it possible to highlight the existence of an association between a certain number of risk factors and the occurrence of congenital malformations. Additional studies are needed to confirm and clarify the role of these risk factors.
Effect of gigantomastia on School attendance
Salathiel Zhou Mzezewa, Salathiel MzezewaOnline First: Aug 25, 2020
- Abstract
- XML
- Abstract
- PMC XML
- Abstract
- DOAJ XML
- Abstract
Effect of gigantomastia on School attendance
Introduction. We have been seeing a number of juvenile/teenage girls presenting to our out patient department with gigantomastia/large breasts. These school going girls had not been attending school due to the large breasts and taunting by school mates as well as scrutiny by the public.
Aims and Objectives.
To do Reduction Mammoplasty.
To do histological investigation.
To encourage these teenage girls to go back to school.
Materials and Methods.
Nine juvenile/teenage girls aged between 11 and 16 years were prospectively enrolled for this study from 2016 to 2020. Eight had reduction mammaplasty and one had sub cutaneous mastectomy with free nipple graft. The specimens were weighed and sent for histology.
Results. Nine juvenile/teenage girls were included. The age range was 11- 16 years and the weight range was 27-33 Kg. Loss of school attendance time was 3 months to 2 years. Median weight of excised breast tissue was 2.5(1.2 – 5 kg.
Histology. Normal breast = 6, Fibroadenosis = 3.
Conclusion.
Gigantomastia affected school attendance by as much as two years.
Reduction mammoplasty was our treatment of choice.
Taunting and lack of fitting clothes affected self-esteem of these patients.
The juvenile girls have now returned back to school.
Effect of gigantomastia on School attendance
Introduction. We have been seeing a number of juvenile/teenage girls presenting to our out patient department with gigantomastia/large breasts. These school going girls had not been attending school due to the large breasts and taunting by school mates as well as scrutiny by the public.
Aims and Objectives.
To do Reduction Mammoplasty.
To do histological investigation.
To encourage these teenage girls to go back to school.
Materials and Methods.
Nine juvenile/teenage girls aged between 11 and 16 years were prospectively enrolled for this study from 2016 to 2020. Eight had reduction mammaplasty and one had sub cutaneous mastectomy with free nipple graft. The specimens were weighed and sent for histology.
Results. Nine juvenile/teenage girls were included. The age range was 11- 16 years and the weight range was 27-33 Kg. Loss of school attendance time was 3 months to 2 years. Median weight of excised breast tissue was 2.5(1.2 – 5 kg.
Histology. Normal breast = 6, Fibroadenosis = 3.
Conclusion.
Gigantomastia affected school attendance by as much as two years.
Reduction mammoplasty was our treatment of choice.
Taunting and lack of fitting clothes affected self-esteem of these patients.
The juvenile girls have now returned back to school.
Effect of gigantomastia on School attendance
Introduction. We have been seeing a number of juvenile/teenage girls presenting to our out patient department with gigantomastia/large breasts. These school going girls had not been attending school due to the large breasts and taunting by school mates as well as scrutiny by the public.
Aims and Objectives.
To do Reduction Mammoplasty.
To do histological investigation.
To encourage these teenage girls to go back to school.
Materials and Methods.
Nine juvenile/teenage girls aged between 11 and 16 years were prospectively enrolled for this study from 2016 to 2020. Eight had reduction mammaplasty and one had sub cutaneous mastectomy with free nipple graft. The specimens were weighed and sent for histology.
Results. Nine juvenile/teenage girls were included. The age range was 11- 16 years and the weight range was 27-33 Kg. Loss of school attendance time was 3 months to 2 years. Median weight of excised breast tissue was 2.5(1.2 – 5 kg.
Histology. Normal breast = 6, Fibroadenosis = 3.
Conclusion.
Gigantomastia affected school attendance by as much as two years.
Reduction mammoplasty was our treatment of choice.
Taunting and lack of fitting clothes affected self-esteem of these patients.
The juvenile girls have now returned back to school.
Effect of gigantomastia on School attendance
Introduction. We have been seeing a number of juvenile/teenage girls presenting to our out patient department with gigantomastia/large breasts. These school going girls had not been attending school due to the large breasts and taunting by school mates as well as scrutiny by the public.
Aims and Objectives.
To do Reduction Mammoplasty.
To do histological investigation.
To encourage these teenage girls to go back to school.
Materials and Methods.
Nine juvenile/teenage girls aged between 11 and 16 years were prospectively enrolled for this study from 2016 to 2020. Eight had reduction mammaplasty and one had sub cutaneous mastectomy with free nipple graft. The specimens were weighed and sent for histology.
Results. Nine juvenile/teenage girls were included. The age range was 11- 16 years and the weight range was 27-33 Kg. Loss of school attendance time was 3 months to 2 years. Median weight of excised breast tissue was 2.5(1.2 – 5 kg.
Histology. Normal breast = 6, Fibroadenosis = 3.
Conclusion.
Gigantomastia affected school attendance by as much as two years.
Reduction mammoplasty was our treatment of choice.
Taunting and lack of fitting clothes affected self-esteem of these patients.
The juvenile girls have now returned back to school.
Some Biophysical Modeling of the Human Circulation Apparatus
Janos Vincze, Gabriella Vincze- TiszayOnline First: Aug 30, 2020
- Abstract
- XML
- Abstract
- PMC XML
- Abstract
- DOAJ XML
- Abstract
Some Biophysical Modeling of the Human Circulation Apparatus
Statistics from Hungary over the last seven years clearly show that diseases of the circulatory device lead the statistics on the causes of death. The Hungarian trend is the same as the global trend, with circulatory system disease being the most common cause of death in every country. The modeling of the blood volume, if we administer a certain substance amount, then its passing speed will depend on its concentration, hence the volume at which it spreads in the deposit. Consider the contraction and relaxation of the atrium/ventricle of the human heart; use the function of the rhythmic change for this. We apply the calorimetric principles for the measurement of the gastric blood flow. In the physiopathology research of the circulation in arteriopathic people, when there are necessary arguments refering to the efficiency of new medicines or for the purpose of reestablishing the work capacity, the clinic diagnostic must be completed with laboratory samples: regional debt, peripheral arterial resistance, circulation time. Its measuring can be made with a normal double walls calorimeter and we measure the water temperature variations. Knowing the values of the previous formulas and the mass of blood circulated in that segment, we find out the segment’s flow. The human organism is a system because it is made up of a finite number of interacting p1, p2,… pn elements, characterized by the quantitative degree of q1, q2,… qn. The circulatory apparatus is a subsystem of the human body. In our opinion, the circulatory device should have a control associated with its own structure, which is likely to consist of neurons with hyperordonated spatial structure, called the “hypothetical secondary brain”, which performs certain control functions. This “hypothetical secondary brain” of the circulatory apparatus, in humans, functions continuously throughout their life.
Some Biophysical Modeling of the Human Circulation Apparatus
Statistics from Hungary over the last seven years clearly show that diseases of the circulatory device lead the statistics on the causes of death. The Hungarian trend is the same as the global trend, with circulatory system disease being the most common cause of death in every country. The modeling of the blood volume, if we administer a certain substance amount, then its passing speed will depend on its concentration, hence the volume at which it spreads in the deposit. Consider the contraction and relaxation of the atrium/ventricle of the human heart; use the function of the rhythmic change for this. We apply the calorimetric principles for the measurement of the gastric blood flow. In the physiopathology research of the circulation in arteriopathic people, when there are necessary arguments refering to the efficiency of new medicines or for the purpose of reestablishing the work capacity, the clinic diagnostic must be completed with laboratory samples: regional debt, peripheral arterial resistance, circulation time. Its measuring can be made with a normal double walls calorimeter and we measure the water temperature variations. Knowing the values of the previous formulas and the mass of blood circulated in that segment, we find out the segment’s flow. The human organism is a system because it is made up of a finite number of interacting p1, p2,… pn elements, characterized by the quantitative degree of q1, q2,… qn. The circulatory apparatus is a subsystem of the human body. In our opinion, the circulatory device should have a control associated with its own structure, which is likely to consist of neurons with hyperordonated spatial structure, called the “hypothetical secondary brain”, which performs certain control functions. This “hypothetical secondary brain” of the circulatory apparatus, in humans, functions continuously throughout their life.
Some Biophysical Modeling of the Human Circulation Apparatus
Statistics from Hungary over the last seven years clearly show that diseases of the circulatory device lead the statistics on the causes of death. The Hungarian trend is the same as the global trend, with circulatory system disease being the most common cause of death in every country. The modeling of the blood volume, if we administer a certain substance amount, then its passing speed will depend on its concentration, hence the volume at which it spreads in the deposit. Consider the contraction and relaxation of the atrium/ventricle of the human heart; use the function of the rhythmic change for this. We apply the calorimetric principles for the measurement of the gastric blood flow. In the physiopathology research of the circulation in arteriopathic people, when there are necessary arguments refering to the efficiency of new medicines or for the purpose of reestablishing the work capacity, the clinic diagnostic must be completed with laboratory samples: regional debt, peripheral arterial resistance, circulation time. Its measuring can be made with a normal double walls calorimeter and we measure the water temperature variations. Knowing the values of the previous formulas and the mass of blood circulated in that segment, we find out the segment’s flow. The human organism is a system because it is made up of a finite number of interacting p1, p2,… pn elements, characterized by the quantitative degree of q1, q2,… qn. The circulatory apparatus is a subsystem of the human body. In our opinion, the circulatory device should have a control associated with its own structure, which is likely to consist of neurons with hyperordonated spatial structure, called the “hypothetical secondary brain”, which performs certain control functions. This “hypothetical secondary brain” of the circulatory apparatus, in humans, functions continuously throughout their life.
Some Biophysical Modeling of the Human Circulation Apparatus
Statistics from Hungary over the last seven years clearly show that diseases of the circulatory device lead the statistics on the causes of death. The Hungarian trend is the same as the global trend, with circulatory system disease being the most common cause of death in every country. The modeling of the blood volume, if we administer a certain substance amount, then its passing speed will depend on its concentration, hence the volume at which it spreads in the deposit. Consider the contraction and relaxation of the atrium/ventricle of the human heart; use the function of the rhythmic change for this. We apply the calorimetric principles for the measurement of the gastric blood flow. In the physiopathology research of the circulation in arteriopathic people, when there are necessary arguments refering to the efficiency of new medicines or for the purpose of reestablishing the work capacity, the clinic diagnostic must be completed with laboratory samples: regional debt, peripheral arterial resistance, circulation time. Its measuring can be made with a normal double walls calorimeter and we measure the water temperature variations. Knowing the values of the previous formulas and the mass of blood circulated in that segment, we find out the segment’s flow. The human organism is a system because it is made up of a finite number of interacting p1, p2,… pn elements, characterized by the quantitative degree of q1, q2,… qn. The circulatory apparatus is a subsystem of the human body. In our opinion, the circulatory device should have a control associated with its own structure, which is likely to consist of neurons with hyperordonated spatial structure, called the “hypothetical secondary brain”, which performs certain control functions. This “hypothetical secondary brain” of the circulatory apparatus, in humans, functions continuously throughout their life.